Symbicort is a commonly prescribed inhaler for managing chronic respiratory conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While it is highly effective for many patients, like all medications, Symbicort carries certain risks and potential side effects. Understanding these risks and following recommended safety precautions are critical to ensuring that you benefit most from the medication while minimizing possible harm.
This article will explore the dangers of Symbicort, discuss how to reduce the risk of side effects, and highlight essential safety precautions to follow while using this medication.
How Symbicort Works and Its Risks
Symbicort contains two active ingredients: budesonide, a corticosteroid, and formoterol, a long-acting bronchodilator. These medications work together to control symptoms of asthma and COPD by minimizing inflammation in the airways and keeping them open. However, combining a corticosteroid and bronchodilator increases the risk of specific Symbicort side effects.
One of the primary risks associated with Symbicort is its corticosteroid component. Corticosteroids are potent medications that reduce inflammation but can also weaken the immune system, making you more susceptible to infections. Long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids has been linked to other side effects, such as weakened bones (osteoporosis) and eye problems (cataracts or glaucoma).
The formoterol component can also pose risks, mainly if misused. Formoterol is a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA), and while it helps to relax the muscles around the airways, it can increase the risk of asthma-related death if used alone or without a corticosteroid. Fortunately, Symbicort combines it with budesonide, reducing this risk. However, improper use of the medication can still lead to severe complications.
Common Side Effects of Symbicort
While many people tolerate Symbicort well, some may experience side effects. Most side effects are mild, but it’s essential to be aware of them and know when to seek medical attention.
Throat irritation
This is one of the most frequently reported side effects. It can manifest as a sore throat, hoarseness, or coughing after using the inhaler. Rinsing your mouth and throat after each use can help minimize this issue.
Fungal infections (oral thrush)
The corticosteroid in Symbicort can increase the likelihood of developing a fungal infection in the mouth or throat. Regularly rinsing your mouth after using the inhaler can help prevent thrush.
Headache
Some people experience headaches after using Symbicort, which can result from the bronchodilator component.
Upper respiratory tract infections
Because Symbicort can suppress the immune system, it may make you more susceptible to diseases like colds or the flu.
While these side effects are manageable, some may experience more severe reactions.
Serious Risks and Complications
In rare cases, Symbicort can lead to more severe side effects. It’s essential to recognize the signs of these potential complications and seek medical help at once if you experience any of the following:
Allergic reactions
Though uncommon, some individuals may experience severe allergic reactions to Symbicort. Symptoms of an allergic reaction encompass rash, itching, swelling and inflammation of the face or throat, difficulty breathing, and dizziness. If you encounter any of these symptoms, seek emergency medical attention.
Increased risk of infections
Since Symbicort can weaken your immune system, it may put you at risk for more severe infections, such as pneumonia. This is particularly concerning for people with COPD, as they are already at a higher risk for respiratory diseases. Watch for symptoms like fever, chills, or persistent cough, and contact your doctor if these occur.
Bone loss (osteoporosis)
Long-term use of corticosteroids, even inhaled, can result in a loss of bone density, elevating the risk of fractures. If you are on Symbicort for an extended period, your doctor may recommend regular bone density screenings and suggest dietary changes or supplements to help protect your bones.
Eye problems
Prolonged use of corticosteroids can elevate the risk of developing cataracts or glaucoma. An eye specialist should promptly evaluate symptoms like blurred vision, eye pain, or seeing halos around lights.
Heart problems
Formoterol, the bronchodilator in Symbicort, can affect the cardiovascular system. Some patients may experience a rapid heartbeat, high blood pressure, or other heart-related issues. If you have a history of heart disease, your doctor will carefully monitor your condition while you’re on Symbicort.
Safety Precautions When Using Symbicort
To minimize the risks associated with Symbicort, it’s essential to follow these safety precautions:
- Use Symbicort exactly as prescribed: Do not increase your dose or use the inhaler more frequently than directed by your healthcare provider. Overusing the medication can lead to severe complications.
- Rinse your mouth after each use: This simple step can significantly lessen the risk of developing oral thrush or other throat irritations.
- Regularly monitor your bone and eye health: If you’re using Symbicort long-term, it’s essential to keep an eye on your bone density and eye health. Routine check-ups can assist in catching any issues early.
- Avoid exposure to infections: Since Symbicort can weaken your immune system, take extra precautions to avoid infections, especially during cold and flu season.
- Watch for signs of severe side effects: Always be aware of how your body responds to the medication. If you encounter any unusual symptoms, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Alternatives to Symbicort
While Symbicort is highly effective for many people, it’s not the only treatment option for asthma and COPD. Talk to your doctor concerning alternative medications if you’re concerned about the risks or side effects. Other combination inhalers, such as Advair and Breo, may be more suitable for some patients, according to their specific needs and health history.
Sometimes, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes or additional medications to complement your Symbicort treatment and help reduce the need for long-term corticosteroid use.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What are the most common side effects of Symbicort?
The most common side effects of Symbicort include throat irritation, coughing, and hoarseness after using the inhaler. Other frequent side effects include headaches and an increased risk of upper respiratory infections. These side reactions are generally mild and can be managed using proper inhaler techniques, such as rinsing your mouth after use.
Can Symbicort cause long-term health problems?
Yes, long-term use of Symbicort can lead to specific health problems, mainly due to the corticosteroid component. These may include weakened bones (osteoporosis), cataracts, and glaucoma. Regular check-ups with your doctor can assist in monitoring these potential issues and minimize risks.
Is it safe to use Symbicort if I have heart problems?
Formoterol, one of the active components in Symbicort, can impact the cardiovascular system, resulting in increased heart rate or blood pressure in some individuals. If you have a history of heart problems, it’s essential to discuss this with your doctor before using Symbicort so they can monitor your condition closely.
Can Symbicort weaken my immune system?
Yes, the corticosteroid in Symbicort can weaken your immune system, making you more susceptible to infections. You should take extra precautions to avoid exposure to illnesses, especially during cold and flu season, and consult your doctor if you notice signs of disease.
What should I do if I experience severe side effects from Symbicort?
If you experience severe side effects such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or a rapid heartbeat, call for emergency medical attention immediately. For less urgent side effects, such as headaches or throat irritation, consult your doctor to discuss ways to manage these issues or whether an adjustment to your treatment is needed.